واکنش به کلرات در جدایه های مختلف Macrophomina phaseolina و رابطه ی آن با بیماری زایی جدایه‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران، ایران.

چکیده

     یازده جدایه بیمارگر قارچ Macrophomina phaseolina از میزبانان مختلف شامل سویا، آفتابگردان، طالبی، خربزه و گندم از استان­های مختلف کشور جداسازی گردیده و از نظر واکنش به کلرات پتاسیم بر روی محیط غذایی مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. بدین منظور جدایه­ها در محیط غذایی کمینه حاوی 120 میلی مولار کلرات پتاسیم کشت شدند. نتایج به­دست آمده نشان داد که جدایه­های مورد بررسی از نظر واکنش به کلرات در دو گروه قرار گرفتند که 5/54 درصد جدایه­ها مقاوم به کلرات بوده و فنوتیپ رشد متراکم داشتند. نتایج آزمون بیماری­زایی جدایه­ها بر روی گیاه سویا در گلخانه نشان داد که بین شدت پوسیدگی ریشه سویا و واکنش جدایه­ها به کلرات پتاسیم رابطه­ی نزدیکی وجود دارد، به ­طوری که جدایه­های M21 و M30  با واکنش مقاوم به کلرات و فنوتیپ رشد متراکم به ­عنوان بیماری­زاترین جدایه­ها شناسایی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Chlorate reaction in different isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina and its relationship with pathogenicity

نویسندگان [English]

  • Y. Vasebi 1
  • N. Safaie 2
چکیده [English]

Eleven isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina, isolated from various hosts (soybean, sunflower, cantaloupe, muskmelon, wheat) in different provinces were assayed for reaction to potassium chlorate on nutrient medium. The isolates were grown on minimal medium amended with 120 mM potassium chlorate. The results showed that isolates were separated into two groups of which 54.5 % were chlorate-resistant and showed dense phenotype. The results of pathogenicity tests on soybean plants in green house showed that there was positive correlation between soybean root rot and reaction to potassium chlorate. The M-21 and M-30 isolates with chlorate-resistant reaction and dense phenotype were recognized as the most virulent isolates.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pathogenicity
  • Sensitive
  • Resistant
  • Chlorate phenotype
  • Macrophomina phaseolina

مراجع

  1. Babu BK, Saxena AK, Srivastava AK and Arora DK. 2007. Identification and detection of Macrophomina phaseolina by using species- specific oligonucleotide primers and probe. Mycologia 99: 797–803.
  2. Campbell CL and van der Gaay DJ. 1993. Temporal and spatial dynamics of microsclerotia of Macrophomina phaseolina in three fields in North Carolina over four to five years. Phytopathology 83: 1434–1440.
  3. Cloud GL and Rupe JC. 1991. Morphological instability on a chlorate medium of isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina from soybean and sorghum. Phytopathology 81: 892–895.
  4. Cook GE, Boosalis MG, Duncle LD and Odvody GN.1973. Survival of Macrophomina phaseolina in corn and sorghum stalk residue. Plant Disease Reporter 57: 873–875.
  5. Correll JC and Leslie JF. 1987. Recovery of spontaneous selenate resistant mutant from F. oxysporum and F. moniliform. Phytopathology 71: 1710 (Abstract).
  6. Crous PW, Slipper B, Wingfield MJ, Rheeder J, Marasas WFO, Philips AJL, Alves A, Burgress T, Barber P and Groenewald JZ. 2006. Phylogenic lineages in the Botryosphaeriaceae. Studies in Mycology 55: 235–253.
  7. Das IK, Fakhrudin B and Arora DK. 2006. RAPD cluster analysis and chlorate sensitivity of some Indian isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina from sorghum and their relationship with pahogenicity. Mycological Research 163: 215–24.
  8. Dhingra OD and Sinclair JB. 1972. Variation among isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina(Rhizoctonia bataticola) from the soybean plant. Phytopathology 62: 1108 (Abstact).
  9. Dhingra OD and Sinclair JB. 1973. Location of Macrophomina phaseolina on soybean plants related to culture characteristics and virulence. Phytopathology 63: 934–936.
  10. Ershad J. 1995. Fungi of Iran. Tehran: Ministry of agriculture, Agricultural Research, Education and Extention Organization. 888 p.
  11. Jana T, Sharma T, Prasad RD and Arora DK. 2003. Molecular characterization of Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium species by a single primer RAPD technique. Microbiological Research 158: 249–257.
  12. Lohda S, Sharma SK, Mathur BK and Aggarwal RK. 2003. Integration sublethal heating with Brassica amendments and summer irrigation for control of Macrophomina phaseolina. Plant and Soil 256: 423–430.
  13. Marzluf GA. 1981. Regulation of nitrogen metabolism and gene expression in fungi. Microbial Review 45: 437–461.
  14. Papavizas GC. 1977. Some factors affecting survival of sclerotia of Macrophomina phaseolina in soil. Soil Biochemistry 9: 337–341.
  15. Pearson CAS, Lesli JF and Schwenk FW. 1986. Variable chlorate resistance in Macrophomina phaseolina from corn, soybean and soil. Phytopathology 76: 646–649.
  16. Pearson CAS, Lesli JF and Schwenk FW. 1987a. Nitrogen utilization by chlorate-resistant and chlorate-sensitive isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina. Trans Brazilian Mycology Society 88: 497–502.
  17. Pearson CAS, Lesli JF and Schwenk FW. 1987b. Host preference correlated with chlorate resistance in Macrophomina phaseolina. Plant Disease 71: 828–831.
  18. Purkayastha S, Kaur B, Dildaghi N and Choudhury A. 2006. Characterization of Macrophomina phaseolina, the charcoal rot pathogen of clusterbean, using conventional techniques and PCR-based molecular markers. Plant Pathology 55: 106–116.
  19. Safaie N, Alizadeh A, Saidi A, Rahimian H and Adam G. 2005. Molecular characterization and genetic diversity among Iranian populations of Fusarium graminearum, the causal agent of wheat head blight. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology 41: 171–189.
  20. Strausbaugh CA, Schroth MN, Weinhold AR and Hancock JG. 1992. Assessment of vegetative compatibility of Verticillium dahliae tester strains and isolates from California potatoes. Phytopathology 82: 61–67.
  21. Su G, Such SO and Russin JS. 1998. Genetic and physiological evidence for host specialization in Macrophomina phaseolina. Phytopathology 88: 886.
  22. Su G, Such SO, Scheider W and Russin JS. 2001. Host specialization in the charcoal rot fungus, Macrophomina phaseolina. Phytopathology 91: 120–126.
  23. Taliey F, Sanei SJ and Razavi SE. 2007. Study of various chlorate reactions in the isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources 14: 140–148.

 

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار