ارزیابی و مقایسه عملکرد کمی و کیفی برخی از ارقام توتون هوا‌خشک در برابرنماتد ریشه‌گرهی در استان گلستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو کارشناسی ارشد، گروه گیاهپزشکی ، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی،دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 مربی پژوهش، بخش گیاهپزشکی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش تیرتاش،تیرتاش، بهشهر، ایران.

چکیده

به منظور بررسی واکنش برخی از ارقام توتون هوا­خشک شامل Burley 1، Burley 151، Burley7، BB16 A و بارلی 21 به نماتد ریشه­گرهی این تحقیق در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار و ابعاد 8 × 5 در سال‏ زراعی 1394 در روستای والش­آباد گرگان با شرایط آلودگی طبیعی انجام گرفت. ارزیابی شدت بیماری بر اساس شاخص گال، ضریب تولیدمثل، تعداد نماتد در 500 گرم خاک و ریشه‌های درون آن در انتهای فصل با خارج کردن ریشه توتون از خاک صورت گرفت. نماتدهای موجود در خاک با روش جنکینز و نماتدهای ریشه با استفاده از روش کولن استخراج و شمارش شدند. در انتهای فصل زراعی، ثبت صفات مهم زراعی این ارقام از قبیل طول برگ، عرض برگ، تعداد برگ، ارتفاع بوته و صفات عملکردی و شیمیایی از قبیل عملکرد برگ سبز و خشک (برگ عمل­آوری شده)، قیمت هر کیلوگرم وزن خشک، درآمد ریالی در هکتار، درصد قند و نیکوتین انجام شد. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری با استفاده از نرم افزار MSTATC انجام گرفت. نتایج تحقیق سال زراعی 1394 روی 5 تیمار توتون هواخشک در شرایط مزرعه نشان داد که رقم بارلی 21 با شاخص گال و حساسیت 8، حساس­ترین رقم و ارقام بارلی یک و بارلی 151 با حساسیت 5/4 و شاخص گال 3 و ارقام BB16A و بارلی 7 با شاخص حساسیت 4 و شاخص گال دو در گروه نیمه مقاوم نسبت به نژاد 2 نماتد M. incognitaقرار گرفتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of yield and quality of some air-cured tobacco cultivars as affected by root-knot nematode M. incognita race 2 in Golestan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Ghasemi 1
  • S. Nasrollahnejad 2
  • A. Sajjadi 3
چکیده [English]

This experiment was performed to study the reaction of some air-cured tobacco varieties (including Burley 1, Burley 151, Burley 7, BB16 A and Burley 21) to root-knot nematode during growing season of 2015. The experimental design was randomized complete block with 3 replications of 8 × 5 m2 plots in the village of Valshabad (Gorgan) with natural soil infestation. At the end of growing season, the plants were pulled out of soil. Nematodes in the soil and root samples were extracted by Jenkins and Coolen extraction methods, respectively. Disease severity was evaluated based on gall index, reproduction factor, and the number of nematodes in 500 g of soil and its root content. The plant agronomic traits such as leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves, plant height, green and dry leaves (cured leaf) yields, and sugar and nicotine content were recorded and the price per kilogram of dry weight and net income were calculated accordingly. Statistical analysis was performed using MSTATC software. The results showed that Burley 21 with gall index and sensitivity index as 8 was the most sensitive variety to M. incognita (race 2). Burley 1 and Burley151 varieties with sensitivity index as 4.5 and gall index as 3; and BB16 A and Burley 7 varieties with sensitivity index as 4 and gall index as 2 were accommodated under moderately resistant group to M. incognita.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Air-cured tobacco cultivars
  • obligate parasite
  • root-knot nematode
  • tobacco

مراجع

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دو فصلنامه تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهی
دوره 5، شماره 1
خرداد 1396
صفحه 1-10

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