نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی اهواز
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
The Downy mildew of onion, caused by Peronospora destructor Berk, generates a lot of economic damage to onions annually. Fungicides are the main components of plant diseases management. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of equalizer to control of onion downy mildew. Experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design with six treatments and three replications in 2017 in Khuzestan and Hormozgan provinces. treatments consisted of equalizer (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 kg /h, Infinito 2L /h, water spray and control without spraying). After observing the first signs of the disease, the treatments were conducted and continued every 10 days until the control treatment contamination reached as high as possible. Evaluation of experimental plots was conducted before each spray by selecting 10 plants from two middle rows and disease severity index (DSI) for each treatment was determined using scoring system of 1-9 and Kofoet A and Fischer formula. Analyses of variance revealed that there was significant diference among treatments at 1% level. But between treatments and location there was not significant difference. Also the result showed significant difference between location and treatment × location. The means comparison showed that 0.4kg/h Equalizer treatment creates statistically higest efficiency in Khuzestan and Hormozgan provinces(88/87 and 91/85%) respectivley. The other treatments including 0/2kg/h, 0/3kg /h of Equalizer and Infinito(2L/h) with 55/63,62.40 and 60.15 efficiency in Khuzestan and also 14/81, 76.29 and 67/40% efficiency in Hormozgan province were located in next statistcally groups. So the results of this study suggested 0.4kg/h Equalizer as appropriate rate in comparison to Infinito to control of Downy mildew of onion.
کلیدواژهها [English]
10. Kofoet A and Fischer K. 2007. Evaluation of plant resistance improvers to control Peronospora destructor, P. parasitica, Bremia lactucae and Pseudoperonospora cubensis. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 114(2): 54–61.
11. Krezic L. 2001. Equation-pro, a step forward in the control of grape downy mildew and potato late blight. Paper presented at: 5th Slovenian Conference on Plant Protection; 6–8 March; Catez ob Savi, Slovenia.
12. Özturk ÇI. 2008. Effects of fungicide on meiosis of tomato. Bangladesh Journal of Botany 37 (2): 121–125.
13. Palti J. 1989. Epidemiology, pridiction and control of downy mildew of onion caused by Peronospora destructor. Phytoparasitica 17: 31, doi:10.1007/BF02979603.
14. Raudonis L, Survilienė E and Valiuškaitė A. 2007. Sodo ir Daržo Augalų Apsaugos Technologijos (Garden and Vegetable Plant Protection Technologies). Babtai: Lietuvos Sodininkystės ir Daržininkystės Institutas (Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture). 134 p.
15. Raziq F, Alam I, Naz I and Khan H. 2008. Evaluation of fungicide for controlling downy mildew of onion under field conditions. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 24(1): 85–91.
16. Samavatian H. 2009. Effect of equation pro and meludy due fungicides on cucurbites downy mildew in greenhouse conditions. 1st international hydroponic and greenhouse productions congress. 29 jun. Esfahan.Iran.
17. Shaner G and Finney RE. 1977. The effect of nitrogen fertilization on the expression of slow mildewing resistance in Knox wheat. Phytopathology 67: 1051–1056.
18. Surviliene E, Valiuskaite A and Raudonis L. 2008. The effect of fungicides on development of downy mildew of onions. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture 95 (3): 171–179.
19. Tahir M, Mohibullah M and Saifullah S. 1990. The effect of different spray fungicides on downy mildew and yield of onion. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 6: 377–380.
20. Whiteman SA and Beresford RM. 1998. Evaluation of onion downy mildew disease risk in New Zealand using meteorological forecasting criteria. Paper Presented at: 51th New Zealand Plant Protection Conference. 11–13 August. Hamilton. New Zealand.