شناسایی گونه های Leptosphaeria maculans و L.biglobosa با استفاده از برخی خصوصیات ریخت‌شناسی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• علی زمان میرابادی ¹
• کامران رهنما ²
• مهدی صدروی ³
• منصور صلاتی ⁴

¹ رئیس مرکز تحقیقات کاربردی و تولید بذر شرکت توسعه کشت دانه های روغنی

² عضو هیات علمی گروه گیاه پزشکی دانشکده تولید گیاهی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

³ دانشیار دانشگاه یاسوج، گروه گیاه پزشکی

⁴ عضو هیات علمی و استاد یار پژوهش مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی

چکیده

این بررسی به منظور تفکیک گونه مهاجم maculansLeptosphaeriaو غیر مهاجم L.biglobosa عوامل بیماری ساق سیاه کلزا، با تعیین ارتباط رشد پرگنه، تولید رنگدانه و پیکنیدیوم 49 جدایه از این عوامل در چهار محیط غذایی و چهار دما (مجموع 784 تیمار) در سه زمان بررسی و سه تکرار انجام گرفت. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد بین جدایه‌ها از نظر رشد پرگنه در محیط‌های غذایی و تیمارهای دمایی و اثرات متقابل آنها اختلاف معنی داری وجود  داشت. تنوع در تولید رنگدانه و پیکنیدیوم در محیط های کشت V8، MEA، PDA، CDB و CDA در هر دو گونه مشاهده شد. بیشترین رشد پرگنه بعد از 12 روز در دمای 30 درجه سانتی گراد در محیط (05/48 میلی متر) و کمترین آن در دمای 15 درجه سانتی گراد (01/17 میلی متر) و در محیط زاپک مشاهده شد. بیشترین میزان تولید رنگدانه در PDA و دمای 30 درجه سانتی گراد و کمترین آن در محیط MEA و دمای 15 درجه سانتی گراد مشاهده گردید. در محیط‌های و زاپک عمدتا رنگدانه قهوه ایی و در محیط های PDA و MEA رنگدانه زرد-نارنجی رویت شد. 78/93 درصد جدایه‌ها در محیط زاپک مایع تولید رنگدانه کردند. جدایه‌های L.maculans قطر پرگنه و سرعت رشد کم و در مقابل جدایه های L.biglobosa دارای رشد پرگنه و سرعت رشد بیشتری بودند. بر اساس نتایج داده‌های بدست آمده و اطلاعات قبلی بیماریزایی موجود، جدایه‌های مناطق دشت ناز، اسلام آباد، فاضل آباد، کوهی خیل و بیکار آیش مربوط به گونه مهاجم L.maculans و جدایه های تلوکلا، لالا و خالخیل و همچنین جدایه روی خردل در گونه غیر مهاجم L.biglobosaقرار گرفتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• Leptosphaeria maculans
• L.biglobosa
• ساق سیاه
• محیط کشت و کلزا

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification Leptosphaeria maculans and Leptosphaeria biglobosa with some in vitro morphological ‎characteristics ‎

نویسندگان [English]

• ali zaman mirabadi ¹
• [e-mail] Kamran Rahnama ²
• Mehdi Sadravi ³
• Mansoor Salati ⁴

¹ Chief of Applied Research& Seed Production Oilseeds Research & Development Company

² Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

³ Associate Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran

⁴ Research Assistant Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resources, Research Center of Khorasan Razavi, Mashad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

This study has carried out for distinguishing of Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa (aggressive and ‎non-aggressive groups respectively) using colony growth, ability for pycnidium and pigment production in four ‎mediums and temperatures of Forty nine isolates (Zaman Mirabadi et al., 2010) (totally 784 treatments) in three ‎replication and three times. The result of analysis variation has shown that significant difference between isolates ‎considering colony growth in the different mediums and temperature treatments. The maximum and the minimum ‎colony growth was observed in 30⁰c –v8 juice Agar (48.05 mm) medium and 15⁰c-Czapek Dox Agar (17.01 mm) ‎respectively after 12 days. The greatest and lowest pigment production in the different temperature was observed in ‎PDA and MEA (except in 30⁰c). The minimum and maximum pigment production was observed in 15⁰c and 30⁰c ‎respectively. The percentage of presence yellow-orange and brown pigment was‏ ‏variable in the different treatments. ‎Brown pigment in V8 and CDA was dominated while yellow- orange was seen in PDA and MEA. 93.78 % isolates ‎produced pigment in Czapek Dox Broth. The maximum pycnidium production was observed in V8 and 20⁰c. ‎According to the obtained results, Dasht-Naz, Eslamabad, Fazelabad, Kohi khail and bykar ayesh were belonged to ‎aggressive species (L.maculans) and Talokola, Lala, Khalkhail and mustard isolate too were located as L.biglobosa

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Leptosphaeria maculans
• L.biglobosa
• blackleg
• medium culture and oilseed rape

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