مدیریت بیماری پژمردگی گوجه فرنگی ناشی از Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici با استفاده از تلفیق سیلیکون و Pseudomonas fluorescens (CHAO) و بررسی فعالیت آنزیم PAL (فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 استاد گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهر ری، شهر ری، ایران

چکیده

در این تحقیق اثر کاربرد سیلیکون و باکتری (Pseudomonas fluorescens (CHAO روی بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی گوجه فرنگی ناشی از قارچ Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersiciو القای مقاومت میزبان در مقابل پاتوژن مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. اثر غلظت­های مختلف سیلیکون ( 7-1 میلی مولار) بر رشد Pseudomonas fluorescens و Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici آزمایش شد. نتایج نشان داد که همه غلظت­های سیلیکون روی رشد باکتری اثر منفی داشتند، اما تا غلظت 5 میلی مولار بر روی قارچ تاثیر منفی نداشت ولی در غلظت 6 و 7 میلی مولار با شاهد اختلاف معنی داری داشتند. بر اساس تاثیر سیلیکون بر روی رشد باکتری، غلظت 3 میلی مولار برای کارهای گلخانه ای انتخاب شد. این آزمایش به روش کاربرد باکتری و سیلیکون قبل از آلودگی با قارچ عامل بیماری صورت گرفت. نتایج آزمایشات گلخانه ای نشان داد که تیمار خاک با باکتری و سیلیکون به صورت هوایی بیش­ترین تاثیر را بر روی کاهش شاخص­های بیماری و افزایش رشد گیاه داشت. هم­چنین فعالیت آنزیم فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز در تیمار کاربرد تلفیقی باکتری و سیلیکون به صورت هوایی در مقایسه با کاربرد هر کدام به تنهایی و نیز گیاه شاهد سالم و آلوده افزایش پیدا کرده بود. بالاترین مقدار فعالیت این آنزیم 5 روز بعد از کاربرد سیلیکون و باکتری بود. استفاده از سیلیکون به عنوان محرک شیمیایی و باکتری Pseudomonas fluorescensبه عنوان عامل کنترل بیولوژیک و نیز افزایش دهنده­ی رشد گیاه، می­توان یک اقدام مفید و امید بخش برای کنترل عوامل بیماری زای گیاهی از قبیل Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersiciباشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Management of tomato wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici with Silicon and Pseudomonas fluorescens (CHAO) and assaying activity of Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL)

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Tavakol Norabadi, 1
  • N. Sahebani, 2
  • H. R. Etebarian, 3
چکیده [English]

In this research combined application of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Silicon against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and induction of resistance in tomato against pathogen was studied. Effect of different concentrations of silicon (1-7 mM) on growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and P. flourescens was measured. The results showed that all concentrations of silicon had adverse effect on growth of P. fluorescens. Silicon upto 5mM concentration had no effect on the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, but at concentrations of 6 and 7 mM, growth of the fungus was significantly affected compared with control. Due to the negative effect of silicon on growth of P. fluorescens, 3mM concentration of silicon was selected for greenhouse studies. Greenhouse experiments showed that treatment with P. fluorescens as soil application and silicon as aerial application had the greatest effect on reducing disease indexes and increasing plant growth. Also maximum activity of Phenyl Alanin Amonialyase occurred on the 5th day after combined applications of silicon (as aerial) and P. fluorescens (as soil drench). Use of silicon as an inducer of resistance and P. fluorescens as biocontrol agent and plant growth enhancer can be effective method for control of soil borne plant pathogens such as F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • sarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici
  • Pseudomonas fluorescens (CHAO)
  • silicon
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